The Dividend Policy Test Free Essays

Woman In 19th Century By Fuller Essays -

Lady In nineteenth Century By Fuller In her exposition Woman in the Nineteenth Century, Margaret Fuller examines the condition of marriage in America during the 1800?s. She is her very own survivor information, and is actually viewed as revolting on account of her shrewdness. She feels that if certain generalizations can be separated, ladies can have the regard of men mentally, truly, and inwardly. She clarifies why a portion of the imbalances exist in relationships around her. Fuller feels that once ladies are acknowledged as equivalents, people will be capable accomplish a genuine romance not yet know to the individuals of the world. Fuller represents what's going on with the considerations of individuals in nineteenth century society. She is an accomplished, appealing lady but then, in America she is viewed as unmarriageable as a result of the unintended terrorizing her insight delivers. She can't get why men would not have any desire to discover a lady with whom they can carry on a wise, important discussion and still be truly pulled in to. She realizes that when this feeling of inadequacy is moved beyond, ladies will begin to exceed expectations altogether various fields. My translation is that Fuller feels if ladies are taught also, gifted then they will have the option to deal with themselves until the privilege man goes along. Their carefulness will be ten times, and they will have the option to pause for the notorious ?Mr. Right?. Fuller gives three magnificent instances of how equity gets separated in a marriage. The first is the ?family partnership?(42), where the man heads out to work and gets by to help the family, and the lady remains at home shoeless and pregnant, deals with the youngsters and keeps an eye on the house. There is a shared adoration between the a couple since the two of them keep up their finish of the deal. Be that as it may, there is no adoration incorporated with this relationship. Couples like this are just enhancing each other's presence, he by attempting to help her, and her by cooking and cleaning for him. At the point when she expresses ?this connection is acceptable, as far as it goes?(42), Fuller suggests that ladies are making due with the purpose of settling. In the nineteenth century there was a shame joined to any lady in her twenties who was not yet hitched. Fuller inquiries why two individuals would settle for one another when there are such huge numbers of individuals with various things to offer one another. I imagine that marriage is consecrated to her, not in a strict sense, yet in a good and scholarly sense. She feels that individuals who are to be marry ought to have the option to take a gander at one another and express ?this is the individual I will impart an amazing remainder to?, and with that, they ought to be consummately upbeat. At the point when she checks out America that isn't what she sees. The second model Fuller gives is of ?idolatry?(42). By this model she implies the individuals who lose all sense of direction in the physical excellence of each other. They think they love each other, yet they are really yearning for each other. They can consider only one another, nothing else appears to issue to them, and they don't care what others think since they realize they are infatuated. The relationship is as shallow as the individuals associated with it. In any case, as Fuller induces, in a relationship, for example, this, the looks will start to blur and the sentiments will be sure to follow. Since the relationship was shaped exclusively based on looks, the marriage will have nothing to depend on. We should recollect that this isn't the year 2,000, where separation is as basic as marriage itself. When they said ?till death do us part? in the nineteenth century, they would not joke about this. Toward the finish of this model says Fuller, the lady will take a gander at the man as ?a delicate kid?, and he will consider her to be ?an unattractive syren?(42). Over the long haul, she won't regard him as a man, since she thinks of him as a ?pretty kid?, and he won't regard her for utilizing her hopes to hoodwink him into wedding her. They will dislike each other for the remainder of their lives. They will experience their days saying ?I ought to have done this? or on the other hand ?I ought to have done that?. Fuller would prefer never wed than cut off up in an association like this. The third case of the breakdown of uniformity is in the relationship of ?scholarly companionship?(42). Fuller clarifies that this

Object Relations Theory and the Mom Factor

Object Relations Theory and the Mom Factor Phobias Causes Print Object Relations Theory and the Mom Factor By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 13, 2019 Getty Images / Images by Tang Ming Tung More in Phobias Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Object relations theory is centered on our relationships with others. According to this theory, our lifelong relationship skills are strongly rooted in our early attachments with our parents, especially our mothers. Objects refer to people, parts of people, or physical items that symbolically represent either a person or part of a person. Object relations, then, are our relationships to those people or items. We explore how you are affected and what your relationship with your mother may say about your future in relationships. An offshoot of Freudian psychoanalytic theory, object relations theory developed during the late 1920s and 1930s  and became extremely popular during the 1970s. Karl Abraham, Margaret Mahler, and Melanie Klein are among those credited with its origination and refinement. Object relations theory is sometimes used in the treatment of phobias, particularly those that focus on people, or our relationships with them. External and Internal Objects An external object is an actual person or thing that someone invests in with emotional energy. A whole object is a person as she actually exists, with all of the positive and negative traits that she embodies. If we successfully move through the stages of development, we are able to relate to others more as a whole and as they truly are. An internal object is our psychological and emotional impression of a person. It is the representation that we hold onto when the person is not physically there, and it influences how we view the person in real life. Consequently, the internal object greatly impacts our relationship with the person that it represents. Different Attachment Styles Object Constancy Object constancy is the ability to recognize that objects do not change simply because we do not see them. Infants begin to learn object constancy when their parents leave for a short time and then return. As children mature, they begin to spend longer periods of time away from their parents. Separation anxiety and fear of abandonment are common in people who have not successfully developed a sense of object constancy. The Mom Factor: Piecing It All Together According to the object relations theory, the way mothers and infants interact plays a crucial role in infant growth and development. If care is adequate or good enough, children are able to develop their true selves, which is the part of the baby that is creative and spontaneous. If the care is inadequate, children create a false self or one that is playing to the needs of others and is based on compliance with others expectations, instead of the childs self. Over time, acceptable parental care that will create the true self includes the following stages: Holding - actual physical affection and holding including cuddling, holding hands, or lap sitting is familiar and regular behavior in satisfactory parental care.Mother and infant living together - experiencing the daily routine of both psychological and physical care such as eating, grooming and interacting through mundane tasks is important for babys proper development.Father, mother and infant, all three living together - as the child grows into relative dependence and later into independence, the importance of witnessing the interaction of the mother and father is essential to teaching the child relational care outside of ones self which they observe between the father and mother. Object relations theory holds that a chink in any of these important steps can cause issues in developing relationships later in life.

Poison Dart Frog Facts

Poison dart frogs are small tropical frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. These brightly colored frogs secrete mucous that packs a powerful poisonous punch, while other members of the family camouflage themselves against their surroundings and are nontoxic. Fast Facts: Poison Dart Frog Scientific Name: Family Dendrobatidae (e.g., Phyllobates terribilis)Common Names: Poison dart frog, poison arrow frog, poison frog, dendrobatidBasic Animal Group: AmphibianSize: 0.5-2.5 inchesWeight: 1 ounceLifespan: 1-3 yearsDiet: OmnivoreHabitat: Tropical forests of Central and South AmericaPopulation: Stable or decreasing, depending on speciesConservation Status: Least Concern to Critically Endangered Species There are over 170 species and 13 genera of poison dart frogs. Although collectively known as poison dart frogs, only four species in the genus Phyllobates were documented as used to poison blowdart tips. Some species are nonpoisonous. Description Most poison dart frogs are brightly colored to warn potential predators of their toxicity. However, nontoxic poison dart frogs are cryptically colored so that they can blend in with their surroundings. Adult frogs are small, ranging from half an inch to just under two and a half inches in length. On average, adults weigh one ounce. Habitat and Distribution Poison dart frogs live in the tropical and subtropical rainforests and wetlands of Central and South America. They are found in Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua, Suriname, French Guiana, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Brazil, Guyana, and Brazil. The frogs have been introduced into Hawaii. Diet and Behavior Tadpoles are omnivorous. They feed on debris, dead insects, insect larvae, and algae. Some species eat other tadpoles. Adults use their sticky tongues to capture, ants, termites, and other small invertebrates. Poison Dart Frog Toxicity The frogs poison comes from its diet. Specifically, alkaloids from arthropods accumulate and are secreted through the frogs skin. The toxins vary in potency. The most toxic poison dart frog is the golden poison frog (Phyllobates terribilis). Each frog contains about one milligram of the poison batrachotoxin, which is sufficient to kill between 10 and 20 people or 10,000 mice. Batrachotoxin prevents nerve impulses from transmitting the signal to relax muscles, causing heart failure. There are no antidotes for poison dart frog exposure. Theoretically, death would occur within three minutes, however, there are no published reports of human deaths from poison dart frog poisoning. The frog has special sodium channels, so it is immune to its own poison. Some predators have developed immunity to the toxin, including the snake Erythrolamprus epinephalus. The golden poison frog (Phyllobates terribilis) is the most poisonous poison dart frog. Paul Starosta, Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring If the climate is sufficiently wet and warm, poison dart frogs breed year-round. In other areas, breeding is triggered by rainfall. After courtship, the female lays between one and 40 eggs, which are fertilized by the male. Usually both the male and the female guard the eggs until they hatch. Hatching depends on species and temperature, but usually takes between 10 and 18 days. Then, the hatchlings climb onto their parents backs, where they are carried to a nursery. The nursery is a small pool of water between the leaves of bromeliads or other epiphytes. The mother supplements the nutrients of the water by laying unfertilized eggs into it. The tadpoles complete the metamorphosis into adult frogs after several months. In the wild, poison dart frogs live from 1 to 3 years. They may live 10 years in captivity, although the tri-colored poison frog may live 25 years. After the eggs hatch, poison dart frogs carry the tadpoles to a nursery formed by water in bromeliad leaves. kikkerdirk, Getty Images Conservation Status The poison dart frog conservation status varies widely, depending on the species. Some species, such as the dyeing poison frog (Dendobates tinctorius) are classified by the IUCN as least concern and enjoy a stable population. Others, such as Summers poison frog (Ranitomeya summersi), are endangered and decreasing in numbers. Still other species have gone extinct or have yet to be discovered. Threats The frogs face three major threats: habitat loss, collection for the pet trade, and death from the fungal disease chytridiomycosis. Zoos that keep poison dart frogs often treat them with an antifungal agent to control the disease. Poison Dart Frogs and Humans Poison dart frogs are popular pets. They require high humidity and controlled temperatures. Even when their diet is changed, wild-caught poisonous frogs retain their toxicity for some time (potentially years) and should be handled with care. Captive-bred frogs become poisonous if fed an alkaloid-containing diet. The toxic alkaloids from some species may have medicinal value. For example, the compound epibatidine from Epipedobates tricolor skin is a painkiller that is 200 times more powerful than morphine. Other alkaloids show promise as appetite suppressants, heart stimulants, and muscle relaxants. Sources Daszak, P.; Berger, L.; Cunningham, A.A.; Hyatt, A.D.; Green, D.E.; Speare, R. Emerging infectious diseases and amphibian population declines. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 5 (6): 735–48, 1999. doi:10.3201/eid0506.990601La Marca, Enrique and Claudia Azevedo-Ramos. Dendrobates leucomelas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T55191A11255828. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T55191A11255828.enSpeed, I; M. A. Brockhurst; G. D. Ruxton. The dual benefits of aposematism: Predator avoidance and enhanced resource collection. Evolution. 64 (6): 1622–1633, 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00931.xStefan, LÃ ¶tters; Jungfer, Karl-Heinz; Henkel, Friedrich Wilhelm; Schmidt, Wolfgang. Poison Frogs: Biology, Species, Captive Husbandry. Serpents Tale. pp. 110–136, 2007. ISBN 978-3-930612-62-8.

Walt Whitman Homoeroticism in Leaves of Grass Essay

Leaves of Grass is Walt Whitman’s life legacy and at the same time the most praised and condemned book of poetry. Although fearful of social scorn, there are several poems in Leaves of Grass that are more explicit in showing the homoerotic imagery, whereas there are several subtle – should I say â€Å"implicit† – images woven into the fabric of the book. It is not strange, then, that he created many different identities in order to remain safe. What Whitman faced in writing his poetry was the difficulty in describing and resonating manly and homosexual love. He was to find another voice of his, a rhetoric device, and his effort took two forms: simplified, and subverted word play. The first was to understand and render the experience in†¦show more content†¦The difficulty is, however, that there is no language of sexuality by which this knowledge can be conveyed. As seen above, the majority of homoerotic images is concentrated in a cluster of poems titled Calamus. It is noticeable that Whitman tried to express his sexuality directly, but ended up fabricating â€Å"a persona that obscured his true nature† (Bergman 387), thus it is only a bit more particularized than Song of Myself. In The Base of All Metaphysics the lyrical subject speaks of â€Å"the attraction of friend to friend† (Whitman 141), the Socratic notion of love, and it is this kind of love that Whitman seems to be most interested in. Worth mentioning is that in Whoever You Are Holding Me Now in Hand, for example, Whitman has abandoned his mission to be the bard of democracy and took on his own private voice. According to Davidson, â€Å"He has become assertive, even arrogant: the ordinary reader is, as it were, pushed aside† (55), and the reader is supposed to understand it deeply, fully, or understand nothing at all. In the middle of the poem the lyrical subject challenges the reader: â€Å"Here to put your lips upon mine I permit you, / With the comrade’s long-dwelling kiss or the new husband’s kiss, / For I am the new husband and I am the comrade† (135). Another poem interwoven with homoeroticism is To aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Frances Willard And Walt Whitman Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesFrances Willard and Walt Whitman are two significant nineteenth century American figures. Although Willard and Whitman are famous for different reasons, they do have one characteristic in common: they have both been accused of being homosexuals. However, most people do not know this because it is not put in history textbooks or taught in the classroom, for good reason. Public school students should not learn about Willard and Whitman’s homosexuality through their textbooks and teachers because itRead MoreWalt Whitman: An Omnisexual Poet2586 Words   |  11 Pages The homosexual themes displayed in Walt Whitman’s works, especially in his most famous collection of poems Leaves of Grass, raise the question of his own sexuality. Many of his poems depicted affection and sexuality in a simple, personal manner, causing nineteenth century Americans to view them as pornographic and obscene. Based on this poetry, Whitman is usually assumed to be homosexual, or at least bisexual. However, this assumption does not account for major influences of his writing such

An Attempt on Defining Art Free Essays

Defining art is similar in defining other complex ideas like freedom, justice, beauty, etc. The problem for defining such concepts is that the concept itself branches out to other different disciplines and defining each and every one of them entails a need for perspective. Through out the ages, mean searched for how a thing is unique from other things. We will write a custom essay sample on An Attempt on Defining Art or any similar topic only for you Order Now Similarly, they thought of how intangible concepts would be defined, be understood by all and be accepted by all regardless of any present force like gender, culture and environment. Numerous dictionaries define art as â€Å"all creative human endeavors, excluding actions directly related to survival and reproduction†; â€Å"any product of the creative impulse, out of which sprang all other human pursuits†; â€Å"requires a creative and unique perception of both the artist and audience†; â€Å"skill required by experience, study, or observation†. The task of having a single definition of art seems to be impossible. Art is mutually exclusive with the one who is attempting to define it. You may ask, what is art after all? The endless conversations would eventually lean to an answer: â€Å"it depends†. With myself, however, I could still define art. This kind of definition came to me during my Communication II class last year. And from thereon, I accepted it with my heart and with my mind. And I think that this would stipulate to me forever. Something becomes art when it has subtleties, when it has hidden messages or concepts lurking behind it, when we have to figure what it is, when we do not understand it on the surface level, when it makes us think, when it gives us headaches, when it seems to have no solution and when it transforms the human mind into a machine fusing all his knowledge and experience in life. With all of these, I believe that the best artwork in the world is something argued by the scholars in deciphering its meaning, and, even better, something unresolved. How to cite An Attempt on Defining Art, Papers

The Story of Inky Boys Essay Example

The Story of Inky Boys Essay Reader response criticism places vast autonomy of reading pleasure to the reader. The death of the author gives birth to the reader. This school of literary theory provides much attention to the reader as well as the readers experience over a literary work. According the theorists of this school of thought, the role of the reader Is critically Important In understanding of literature and actively seeking the meaning of the literary text. The Story of The Inky Boys Is a moral story and was written by Heimlich Hoffman for his children in 19th century. I personally feel that this is not ally a story about discrimination due to the differences in skin color. The whole text may be structured with some forms of offensiveness and negative implications. The black moor is the bullied subject to the white naughty kids. It means that minority is under the subjugation of colonial power. The inferior always lacks power and being submissive in the society. This is especially significant during the colonialism era during 1 5th -20th centuries. However, the subjugated minority may become the leader of the dominant group in the society one day as the black moor leads the white boys In the end. We will write a custom essay sample on The Story of Inky Boys specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Story of Inky Boys specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Story of Inky Boys specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This tells us that a person with positive traits would not be always the looser Instead the negative traits a person has may cause him In trouble or suffering. This Is nothing to do with the skin color, background, social status differences of a person. The prominent emphasis on differences between the black and white could be nothing more than their social status. The moor: black, strange color trousers, green umbrella, shirtless, bare footed as well as untidy. While the whites: proper attire, clean and tidy. The stereotypical of the moor depicted in the Tory has remanded him to be the fun making object and discriminated. However, from a female point of view, I would say the writer himself also has some forms of discriminatory towards gender equality. It is so prominent that the story is basically male dominated/oriented because no single female has been included in the story. Does it Imply that female status is even lower than the moor? The irony of the story may rest on the three white little boys who response negatively to color black and perceive black as Inferior. They taunting the black moor and disobey Saint Nicholas device. Saint Nicholas gets rage and dips them In the giant Nippon. They are not only transformed into black but even worst the black moor. This implies negativity of a child could be improved as well as positivist could be destroyed without proper guidance. The author is using the satirical form of poetry to expose human weaknesses. He most probably would like to see and bring about improvement upon races and society. The tall Saint Nicholas symbolizes power and legislation of a nation. His strange attire may to inform about his hierarchy and status within the society. Anyone who challenges his hegemony would be punished as how the three disobedient kids did in the story. The giant Nippon signifies an ordeal for people to receive their punishment due to misbehaver or misconduct. On the other hand, it could also exemplify a community for the various races to get together and establish a common Identity to achieve integration. If base on Freudian theory, the goose feather could be referred to male Imagery or phallic symbols which Is related to the sexual aggression. On the other hand, the image of gigantic Nippon may stand-in for Nippon as the punishment they deserved from their misconduct. In terms of rhyme, in the end of every two lines of each stanza produces the same lyrical sound to arouse the pleasurable sense for enjoyment. This helps to capture the attention of the audience. The story has provided us with some valuable moral teaching to share with our children. The explicit meaning of this story underlies the importance of mutual understanding and respect among races. It is the parents responsibilities to impart positive traits to the young kids.